本书结合汽车维修行业的实际需求，注重培养学生的职业素养和专业技能，通过
任务驱动教学方法系统地讲述汽车电器知识及维修，主要包括维修行业的常识检测仪器
的使用，以及电源系统、起动系统、点火系统、照明信号系统、仪表系统、辅助电器系
统、线束的维修等。
本书有配套《实训习题册》，给教师配有教学视频及PPT课件。
本书图文并茂，直观生动，可作为中等专业学校、技师学院及高等职业院校汽车
检测与维修专业用书，也可作为相关从业人员和汽车爱好者的参考书籍。
任务一 汽车维修行业常识 ·························· 1
一、车间管理 8S ·············································· 1
（一）整理 ················································ 1
（二）整顿 ················································ 2
（三）清扫 ················································ 2
（四）清洁 ················································ 3
（五）素养 ················································ 3
（六）安全 ················································ 4
（七）节约 ················································ 4
（八）学习 ················································ 4
二、车间管理制度 ··········································· 4
（一）岗位职责 ········································· 4
（二）安全生产管理制度 ·························· 5
三、汽车维修行业工作流程和派工单 ·············· 6
（一）工作流程 ········································· 6
（二）派工单 ············································· 6
（三）工单实施流程 ·································· 7
任务二 汽车电器常用维修设备的使用 ······ 9
一、数字式万用表的使用 ································ 9
（一）普通数字万用表 ······························ 9
（二）汽车万用表 ····································14
二、蓄电池测试仪的使用 ·······························16
三、充电机的使用 ··········································18
四、汽车故障检测仪的使用 ····························20
（一）故障诊断步骤 ·································20
（二）结束检测 ········································23
任务三 蓄电池常见故障的检修 ·················24
一、蓄电池的认知 ·········································24
（一）汽车蓄电池的类型 ·························24
（二）蓄电池的安装位置 ·························25
二、蓄电池的相关知识 ···································26
（一）蓄电池的功用 ·································26
（二）蓄电池的结构与型号 ······················26
（三）蓄电池的工作原理 ·························30
（四）蓄电池的容量及影响因素 ·············31
三、蓄电池的检查与维护 ·······························32
（一）给客户介绍蓄电池的正确使用
方法 ···············································32
（二）蓄电池的检查 ·································33
四、蓄电池的故障检修 ···································35
任务四 充电系统常见故障的检修 ·············37
一、发电机的分解认知 ···································37
（一）分解前的准备工作 ·························37
（二）分解步骤 ·······································37
（三）装配步骤 ········································39
二、发电机的相关知识 ···································39
（一）交流发电机的结构及原理 ··············39
（二）电压调节器的作用及工作原理 ·······43
（三）发电机内部检测 ·····························44
（四）发电机控制电路 ·····························47
三、充电系统常见故障的检修 ························48
任务五 起动系统常见故障的检修 ·············50
一、起动机的分解认知 ···································50
（一）分解前的准备工作 ·························50
（二）起动机的分解步骤 ·······················50
二、起动机的相关知识 ···································53
（一）直流电动机 ····································54
（二）传动机构 ········································56
（三）控制装置 ········································59
（四）起动机的检测 ·································60
（五）起动机的控制电路 ·························62
三、起动机常见故障的检修 ····························63
任务六 点火系统常见故障的检修 ·············64
一、点火系统的相关知识 ·······························64
（一）点火系统的作用 ·····························64
（二）点火系统的分类 ·····························64
（三）微机控制点火系统的组成 ··············65
二、点火系统常见故障的检修 ························75
任务七 照明信号系统常见故障的检修 ······76
一、前照灯故障的检修 ···································76
（一）汽车照明灯的认知 ·························76
（二）前照灯的相关知识 ·························80
（三）前照灯的控制电路 ·························84
（四）前照灯的故障检修 ·························86
二、转向灯故障的检修 ···································86
（一）转向灯与紧急信号灯的相关知识 ···87
（二）丰田卡罗拉转向灯与紧急信号灯
电路 ···············································89
（三）转向灯的故障排除 ·························90
三、倒车信号装置和制动灯的故障检修 ·········91
（一）倒车信号装置和制动灯的相关
知识 ···············································91
（二）倒车信号装置和制动灯电路···········93
（三）倒车信号装置和制动灯的故障
排除 ···············································94
四、电喇叭常见故障的检修 ····························95
（一）电喇叭的相关知识 ·························95
（二）电喇叭控制电路 ·····························97
（三）电喇叭常见故障的排除 ··················99
任务八 仪表系统常见故障的检修 ···········100
一、汽车仪表系统的认知 ·····························100
二、燃油表的检修 ········································103
（一）燃油表的相关知识 ·······················103
（二）燃油表的故障排除 ·······················105
三、车速表故障的检修 ·································106
（一）车速表和转速表的相关知识·········106
（二）车速表的故障排除 ·······················110
四、警告灯点亮故障的检修 ·························· 111
（一）仪表报警信号装置的相关知识 ····· 111
（二）警告灯点亮的故障排除 ················113
任务九 辅助电器系统常见故障的检修 ····115
一、刮水器故障的检修 ·································115
（一）风窗玻璃清洗装置的相关知识 ·····115
（二）刮水器、洗涤器间歇控制电路 ·····118
（三）汽车刮水器的故障排除 ················120
二、电动车窗故障的检修 ·····························121
（一）电动车窗的相关知识 ····················121
（二）电动车窗的电路 ···························123
（三）电动车窗的故障排除 ····················124
三、电动后视镜故障的检修 ··························125
（一）电动后视镜的相关知识 ················125
（二）电动后视镜的电路 ·······················126
（三）后视镜折叠电路 ···························128
（四）电动后视镜的故障排除 ················129
四、电控门锁故障的检修 ·····························129
（一）电动门锁的相关知识 ····················130
（二）电动门锁的电路 ···························131
（三）电动门锁的故障排除 ····················132
五、空调系统常见故障的检修 ······················133
（一）空调系统的相关知识 ····················133
（二）维修汽车空调的常用设备 ············137
（三）空调系统制冷剂的加注作业·········137
（四）制冷系统故障的检修 ····················148
任务十 汽车线束及维修知识 ···················149
一、汽车线束 ················································149
（一）线束的规格 ··································149
（二）常用的线束插接器 ·······················150
二、线束的维修 ············································150
（一）线束修复工具 ·······························150
（二）线束修复方法 ·······························151
参考文献 ····························································155
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